James hunter annandale



(No Model.)

J. H. ANNANDALE.

PULPING ENGINE.

12,8 L- Patented 001:."15, 1889.

Invcnfow N. PETERS. Phblc-Lflhogvclphen Washinglnfl. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

JAMES HUNTER ANNANDALE, OF POLTON, COUNTY OF MID-LOTHIAN, SCOTLAND.

PULPING- ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 412,871, dated October 15, 1889.

Application filed April 26, 1889- Serial No. 308,751. (No model.)

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES HUNTER ANNAN- DALE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Polton, county of Mid-Lothian, Scotland, have invented an Improvement in Pulping-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My said invention has for its object, by means of an improved pulping-engine to be used as a breaking-engine and also as abeatin g-engine, to expedite the processes employed in preparing pulp, to render them satisfactorily continuous, to reduce the extent and cost of plant, and to diminish the expenditure of power and labor.

On the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figure 1 isa sectional side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section, of my improved pulping-engine, and Figs. 3 and '4: are horizontal sections of the rotating roll and the fixed casing, respectively. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relative arrangements of theknives upon the roll and casing.

My improved breaking-engine is made with a roll R, of a conical form, which is placed with its axis vertical and which works in a conical casing S, the roll B being armed with knives 10, which maybe like those of the roll of an ordinary breaking engine, excepting that their edges are inclined to the axis, like the sides of a cone. Knives or bars 11 are fixed in the casing S, and while they may be like the fixed knives or bars of an ordinary breaking-engine, they do not merely occupy a small seg1nent,but are fixed all around the casing S. These fixed knives or bars 11 may be formed on segmental plates, each plate being made with a number of knives or projecting edges, or they may be formed in any other suitable manner. The knives 10 of the roll R and the knives 11 of the casing S are not made exactly parallel to each other, but with a slight inclination, as illustrated in the diagram, Fig. 5, in which the full lines may be taken to represent knives of the roll, while the dotted lines indicate knives of the casing. The knives 10 of the roll R, or those 11 of the casing S, or both sets, may be serrated, if found advantageous, instead of having continuous straight edges; also, either or both sets of knives 1O 11 maybe distributed either uniformly or in sets, with intervals. The fibrous materials are fed into a hopper 12, Fig. 1, at one side along with hot water, and the hopper 12 communicates with the lower part of the side of the casing S, so that the materials enter the casing with a pressure due to the head of the hopper, which pressure maybe increased, if necessary, in any convenient way. The materials tend to rise between the casing S and roll R, this rising movement being aided by the centrifugal action due to the rotating roll and the conical form of the roll and casing, which is widest at the top. In thus rising through the breaker each part of the fibrous materials is repeatedly acted on by the knives, and every part is subjected to the same amount of action by the knives, so that the half-stuff formed is of very uniform charaeter. If it is found that the fibrous materials tend to rise too rapidly along the channels between the knives 10, the upper parts of these channels may be filled to a greater or less extent with wood. The action of the apparatus is easily regulated by adjusting the roll R up or down in the casing S, while the rate at which the materials pass through is regulated by means of a valve 13, through which they are discharged from the top of the casing, and which valve may be a suitablyloaded valve or any suitable valve set more or less open, as may be found desirable.

The placing of the casing S in a vertical position, with the larger end uppermost, is a practically-important feature of my improved pulping-engine, as it insures uniform action 011 all portions of the materials passing through it. The rate at which the materials gradually flow upward, which, as hereinbefore stated, depends on the head in the feeding-hopper 12 and the more or less open position of the discharge-valve 13 is slow enough to allow of the materials being sufficiently acted upon as they pass from the bot tom to the top of the casing, and with such a rate of flow any other but the vertical position would be certain to cause unequal action. The casing S has cast on it brackets 25, by means of which it is supported on an iron frame-work 26 27, screws 28 being provided for accurately adjusting and centering its lower end. The shaft 29 of the roll R extends out through upper and lower stuffingboxes 30 31, and may be driven by means of pulleys and belts or by toothed gearing. The lower end of the shaft 29 and its driving details are not shown, being of ordinary construction, and the footstep-bearing is made adjustable vertically in any suitable manner, so that the roll R may be placed higher or lower in the casing S. The edges of the knives 1O 11 are made straight, and such as will respectively fit concave and convex cones as nearly parallel as possible to each other, so that with any vertical adjustment of the roll S the knives 1O 11 will be equally near each other at both the larger and smaller ends of the roll and casing.

What I claim is A pulping-engine comprising, in combination, a vertical cone-shaped casing, with its larger end uppermost and with closed ends, a feed-hopper at the side of and extending higher than the casing, with its lower end communicating with the lower part of the casing, a regulatable discharge-valve communicating through the otherwise closed top of the casing, knives fixed to the inner sides of the conical casing and distributed regularly round it, a rotating vertical cone-shaped roll provided with knives distributed regularly round it, the said roll having its knives fitted to move nearly in contact with the fixed knives of the casing, and a shaft on which the roll is fixed and which extends through stuifing-boxes in the closed top and bottom of the casing, the several parts being arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES HUNTER ANN ANDALE. lVitnesses:

EDMUND HUNT,

DAVID FERGUSON. 

